8 Buku Panduan Cabang Olahraga Bola Basket jumlah regu yang bermain dalam cabang bola basket Special Olympics. Juga dimaksudkan membantu atlet berkemampuan rendah (lower ability) untuk nantinya meningkat ke permainan lapangan penuh (kompetisi regu). Bagaimanapun, harus ada usaha untuk membuat bola basket.

In contemporary times, Chinese Indonesian participation in sport is primarily associated with badminton. Vmware workstation 9 free download for windows 8 32 bit windows 7. Less well known, however, is the prominent role Chinese Indonesians played—before the advent of the New Order—on the wider Indonesian sports scene. For many years they maintained an almost absolute domination in weightlifting and basketball, while enjoying prominence in water sports, lawn tennis, table tennis, and further sports disciplines.

This article aims to investigate the determinants influencing their prominent role on the Indonesian sports scene during those periods. It will examine the colonial roots—the prevailing economic and socio-political system inherent to the Dutch East Indies—that might have provided a foundational basis for their significant performance in later years. The article will also investigate the political environment manifest during the Sukarno era—one that facilitated Chinese Indonesians’ enthusiastic participation and achievement in sport. The study is based primarily on official documentation, the print media, as well as the testimonies and insights of more than a dozen former Chinese sports champions—now mostly in their seventies. Abstract In contemporary times, Chinese Indonesian participation in sport is primarily associated with badminton. Less well known, however, is the prominent role Chinese Indonesians played—before the advent of the New Order—on the wider Indonesian sports scene.

For many years they maintained an almost absolute domination in weightlifting and basketball, while enjoying prominence in water sports, lawn tennis, table tennis, and further sports disciplines. This article aims to investigate the determinants influencing their prominent role on the Indonesian sports scene during those periods. It will examine the colonial roots—the prevailing economic and socio-political system inherent to the Dutch East Indies—that might have provided a foundational basis for their significant performance in later years. The article will also investigate the political environment manifest during the Sukarno era—one that facilitated Chinese Indonesians’ enthusiastic participation and achievement in sport. The study is based primarily on official documentation, the print media, as well as the testimonies and insights of more than a dozen former Chinese sports champions—now mostly in their seventies.

Introduction Ethnic Chinese athletes featured prominently in the national sports scene during the first two decades of Indonesia’s independence. Their participation in a range of sports—at both the regional and the national level—was out of all proportion to their demographic representation in the country. For example, they almost completely dominated the weightlifting and basketball scenes, and also had a strong presence in the domains of swimming, badminton, lawn tennis, and table tennis. They also featured in football, boxing, billiards, and chess. In badminton, Chinese Indonesians even managed to occupy the world’s top position.

In this article, I will argue that the main determinants of the prominent sporting role played by the Chinese in post-independence Indonesia can be traced back to the favourable economic and socio-political conditions they experienced during the colonial period, and the subsequent opportunities they enjoyed during the Sukarno era. Before examining the colonial roots of such a success, the article will first, by analysing the results of national sports competitions, introduce proof of their domination in the sporting arena. This will be followed by an examination of the opportunities and challenges faced by ethnic Chinese athletes in the 1950s and 1960s. National Sports Games 1953 Chinese Indonesians (hereafter Chinese) had taken part in Indonesia’s Pekan Olahraga Nasional ( PON, National Sports Games) since its inception. However, their participation in the first Games, in 1948, was still quite peripheral—the instability and uncertainty faced during the Revolutionary War and decolonization process would have influenced their participation.